Izindaba - Izinzuzo Zengilazi Ekupakishweni Kwemithi

Umsebenzi wokupakisha ungokoqobo ngokwemvelo.Kuze kube manje, ukusebenziseka kusadlala indima enkulu efomini nasekusebenzeni kokupakisha.Akugcini nje ukufaka isandla ekuthuthweni nasekusatshalalisweni kwezimpahla, kodwa futhi kwenza imikhiqizo yethulwe ngendlela ekhangayo.Ukuklama nokuthuthukiswa kokupakishwa kwezidakamizwa ezifanele kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthuthwa okuphephile, ukugcinwa nokuphathwa kwezidakamizwa.

Izinto zokupakisha zemithi zenziwa ikakhulukazi ngepulasitiki noma ingilazi.Ngokuvamile, ingilazi iyathandeka ngoba kulula ukuyibulala amagciwane.

Kulesi sihloko, sixoxa ngokuthi ingilazi isetshenziswa kanjani ekufakweni kwezidakamizwa nokuthi yiziphi izinzuzo ezizilethayo ngemva kokusetshenziswa.

Okokuqala, ake sixoxe ngohlobo lwengilazi lokupakishwa kwebhodlela lomuthi.Sekungamashumi eminyaka, imboni yezemithi isebenzisa ingilazi ukuze inikeze ukupakishwa okuphephile nokuthembekile kwenani elikhulu lemikhiqizo yayo.Lokhu kuncika okuphezulu kwento eyodwa kungenxa yezinzuzo zayo eziningi.Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, izinhlobo ezine zezingilazi zenzelwe ukupakisha izidakamizwa.

1.Uhlobo lokuqala: ingilazi ye-borosilicate eqinile kakhulu.Lolu hlobo lwengilazi alusebenzi ngamakhemikhali futhi lunokumelana okuqinile.Ingilazi ye-Borosilicate isebenzisa i-boron ne-aluminium zinc molecules ukuze ithathe indawo ye-alkali nama-ion enhlabathi, ngaleyo ndlela yakhe ingilazi ehlala isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuba iqukethe i-asidi eqinile kanye ne-alkali.Lolu hlobo lwengilazi alunamakhemikhali angenawo amandla futhi lunokumelana okuqinile.Ingilazi ye-Borosilicate isebenzisa i-boron ne-aluminium zinc molecules ukuze ithathe indawo ye-alkali nama-ion enhlabathi, ngaleyo ndlela yakhe ingilazi ehlala isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuba iqukethe i-asidi eqinile ne-alkali.
2.Uhlobo lwesibili: ingilazi ye-soda ye-lime ene-surface treatment.Lolu hlobo lwengilazi lungenamakhemikhali amaningi kunengilazi ye-borosilicate.Ukwelashwa kwesibabule kwenziwa phezu kwengilazi ye-soda lime ukuze kuvinjelwe ukupakishwa kwe-weathering.Lolu hlobo lwengilazi lungaphezu kwamakhemikhali angasebenzi kunengilazi ye-borosilicate.Ukwelashwa isulfure kwenziwa phezu soda lime ingilazi ukuvimbela ukupakisha weathering.
3.Uhlobo lwesithathu: ingilazi ye-lime ye-soda evamile.Lolu hlobo lokufakwa kwengilazi lufana nohlobo lwesibili.Ayikaphathwa, ngakho ukumelana kwamakhemikhali akuzange kuthuthukiswe.Lolu hlobo lokupakishwa kwengilazi lufana nohlobo lwesibili.Ayilashwanga, ngakho-ke ukumelana namakhemikhali akuthuthukisiwe.
4.Uhlobo lwesine: ingilazi ye-lime yesoda evamile.Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo lwengilazi lusetshenziselwa kuphela ukwenza ukupakishwa kwemikhiqizo yomlomo noma yangaphandle.Ngokujwayelekile, lolu hlobo lwengilazi lusetshenziselwa kuphela ukwenza ukupakishwa kwemikhiqizo yomlomo noma yangaphandle.

Kuyinto evamile ukufaka ingilazi yombala ukuvikela umkhiqizo emiphumeleni yokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet ekusebenzeni kwayo nokusebenza kwayo.I-amber kanye nebomvu imibala evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ukuvimba le misebe eyingozi.

Okulandelayo, sizoxoxa ngokusebenza okuphelele kokupakishwa kwengilazi empilweni yansuku zonke.Ukungasebenzi kwamakhemikhali,

Ezindabeni eziningi ezingasetshenziselwa ukupakisha ingilazi, ingilazi ngeke isabele nabo, futhi ukuphepha kuphezulu;

Isithiyo esiphezulu :Ukusebenza kokuvikela okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana kanzima nokucindezela, umgoqo omuhle, uhlukaniswe ngokuphelele nomhwamuko wamanzi, umoya-mpilo kanye nesikhutha, ngaleyo ndlela ube nokulondolozwa okuhle;

Ukucaca okuphezulu: Kunokucaca okuphezulu futhi kungenziwa ingilazi enemibala, okulula ukuyibumba.Ingenziwa ibe yiziqukathi zokupakisha ezinobumo nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokwakha nezindlela zokucubungula, ezinomphumela okhethekile wokuhlobisa izimpahla.

Ukuqina okuphezulu: Ukwakheka kwebhodlela lengilazi kuhlala kungashintshile kuso sonke isikhathi sokuthengisa, okunganciphisa ukuqina kwesitsha sokupakisha sangaphandle futhi kunciphise izindleko.

Ukumelana nengcindezi yangaphakathi: Ikakhulukazi ekufakweni kweziphuzo noma ama-aerosol aqukethe igesi ye-carbonic acid, ibhodlela leshubhu liyinto ebaluleke kakhulu.

Ukumelana nokushisa okuhle: Ingilazi inokumelana nokushisa okuqinile, okubaluleke kakhulu embonini yezemithi.Imikhiqizo yemithi ngokuvamile idinga ukugcinwa ezingeni lokushisa elithile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ayilimazi futhi ukusebenza kwayo kuhlala kungashintshile.Ngakho-ke, ingilazi ingasetshenziswa ukugcina izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lomkhiqizo eliwufakayo.Izikhathi eziyinhloko lapho kudingeka ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu ngesikhathi sokupakishwa yilezi: ukugcwaliswa okushisayo, ukushunqiswa ngesitimu noma ukuvala inzalo ezitsheni, nokuvala inzalo kweziqukathi ezinomoya oshisayo.Ingilazi ingakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-500 ℃, futhi ingasetshenziselwa noma yiziphi izinjongo zokupakisha ezingenhla.

Izindleko eziphansi:Ingilazi inothile ngezinto ezingavuthiwe, intengo iphansi, futhi inendawo yokugaywa kabusha.

Yehlisa izindleko zemikhiqizo futhi wenze inzuzo kubathengi

Amabhodlela epulasitiki abiza cishe u-20% wezindleko zokukhiqiza, kuyilapho izindleko zokugaywa kabusha kwamabhodlela engilazi ziphansi kakhulu.Kuyindlela yokonga kakhulu yokushintsha amabhodlela epulasitiki ngamabhodlela engilazi.

Njengengxenye ebalulekile yezidakamizwa, ukupakishwa kwezidakamizwa kudonsela ukunakwa okwengeziwe.I-Qiancai Packaging ikholelwa ukuthi ikhwalithi yangaphakathi yezidakamizwa ibalulekile, kodwa ukupakishwa kwangaphandle akunakunakwa.Ikakhulukazi namuhla, ngokujula kohlelo lwezokuphepha lwezokwelapha, kuwumkhuba ojwayelekile ukuthenga izidakamizwa uwedwa.Izinga eliphansi lokupakishwa kwezidakamizwa ngeke nje lenze izinga lezidakamizwa lingaqinisekisiwe, kodwa futhi lithinte isithunzi sabakhiqizi futhi libangele imikhiqizo engathengeki.

Ukusetshenziswa kwengilazi ekufakweni kwezidakamizwa kunezinzuzo eziningi.Okokuqala, ingilazi inokumelana nokushisa okuqinile, okubaluleke kakhulu embonini yezemithi.Imikhiqizo yemithi ngokuvamile idinga ukugcinwa ezingeni lokushisa elithile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ayilinyazwa futhi nokusebenza kwayo kuhlala kungashintshile.Ngakho-ke, ingilazi ingasetshenziswa ukugcina izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lomkhiqizo eliwuvalile.Ingilazi ayiphenduli ngamakhemikhali.Ngisho noma indawo yayo yangaphandle ivezwe kweminye imikhiqizo namakhemikhali, ngeke ifake izinto engozini ngobumsulwa.Imikhiqizo yemithi inezingxube ezithile, ezibaliwe zamangqamuzana.Ukungcoliswa okungenzeka kwale mikhiqizo kubangela usongo olukhulu ezigulini ezisebenzisa le mithi.Ngakho-ke, impahla yengilazi engasasebenzi kakhulu inenzuzo ekusetshenzisweni kwayo ekufakweni kwezidakamizwa.Enye into esetshenziswa kakhulu yokupakisha izidakamizwa, ezinye izinhlobo zamapulasitiki, zizosabela.Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke zisetshenziselwe ukupakisha yonke imikhiqizo yemithi, ngoba zingasabela ngezinto ezingaphakathi.Ngaphambi kokuba ososayensi banqume ukusebenzisa izinto zokupakisha ezifanele kakhulu, kufanele baphenye ukusabela okungaba khona.Njengoba ingilazi ngeke isabele, kuphephile ukukhetha ingilazi.Enye inzuzo ukuthi ngeke ivuze.Njengezinye izinhlobo zamapulasitiki, izovuza ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-bisphenol A noma i-BPA.Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi izidakamizwa ezingcolile ze-BPA zizoba nomthelela omubi ebuchosheni nasekucindezelweni kwegazi.Nakuba kungekho cwaningo lomtholampilo olwenziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe lesi sixhumanisi phakathi kokuvuza kwe-BPA kanye nemiphumela emibi yezempilo, ukukhethwa kwengilazi njengento yokupakisha izidakamizwa kuqeda le ngozi.Ingilazi ingakwazi futhi ukukhipha amagciwane kalula futhi igcine ukusebenza kwayo lapho ibhekene nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ibhubhise amagciwane nama-microorganisms.

Ekugcineni, ingilazi inezinye izici eziningana, okwenza kube into enenzuzo izidakamizwa emaphaketheni.Isibonelo, ayiqinile nje kuphela futhi ihlala isikhathi eside, kodwa futhi ingamakwa kalula futhi ibunjwe ibe yizimo namasayizi angokwezifiso.

Emazweni athuthukile emhlabeni wonke, izinto zokupakisha ezihlukahlukene nezindlela zokupakisha zikhula njalo futhi ziyashintsha.Ukupakishwa kwezidakamizwa kubalelwa ku-30% yenani lomuthi, kuyilapho e-China, ingxenye icishe ibe yi-10%.Ngemva kokujoyina i-WTO, amabhizinisi amaningi emithi yomhlaba wonke azongena e-China, okungagcini nje ngokubhebhethekisa ukuncintisana embonini yezemithi yaseShayina, kodwa futhi kube nomthelela omkhulu embonini yasekhaya yokupakisha imithi.

Enye inzuzo ukuthi ngeke ivuze.Njengezinye izinhlobo zamapulasitiki, izovuza ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-bisphenol A noma i-BPA.Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi izidakamizwa ezingcolile ze-BPA zizoba nomthelela omubi ebuchosheni nasekucindezelweni kwegazi.Nakuba kungekho cwaningo lomtholampilo olwenziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe lesi sixhumanisi phakathi kokuvuza kwe-BPA kanye nemiphumela emibi yezempilo, ukukhethwa kwengilazi njengento yokupakisha izidakamizwa kuqeda le ngozi.Ingilazi ingakwazi futhi ukukhipha amagciwane kalula futhi igcine ukusebenza kwayo lapho ibhekene nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ibhubhise amagciwane nama-microorganisms.

Iminyaka emihlanu ezayo izoba yisikhathi esibucayi ekuthuthukisweni okusheshayo kokupakishwa kwemithi e-China.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukupakishwa komjovo wempuphu, umjovo wamanzi, ithebhulethi, uketshezi lomlomo, noma ukuthela okukhulu, izinto zokupakisha ezihlukahlukene nezindlela zokupakisha zizothatha indawo futhi ziqhudelane endaweni yokupakisha imithi ngokusebenza kwazo okuyingqayizivele kanye nezinzuzo.

Zonke izinhlobo zezinto zokupakisha eziphephe kakhudlwana, ezisebenzayo, ezikahle nezinoveli nezindlela zokupakisha zizothuthukiswa ngokuqhubekayo futhi zenziwe izinto ezintsha ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwemboni yezemithi.Ngezinzuzo zayo zokuqina, ukuqina, ukuphepha, ukusimama, ukuzinza kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha, ingilazi inezinzuzo eziyingqayizivele emakethe yesikhathi esizayo.I-Glass inezinzuzo eziningi njengento yokupakisha izidakamizwa.Nakuba abanye ochwepheshe bebikezela ukuthi njengoba ososayensi befuna izithiyo eziphumelela kakhudlwana ukuze bavikele izindlela zokwelapha ezisindisa ukuphila, izingilazi ezivame ukusetshenziswa kanye nezimiso zokuvala ezinwebekayo zingase ziphelelwe yisikhathi, ingilazi ingase ibe into eyinhloko embonini yemithi.

Ngokuzayo, sizobona izinto zokupakisha ezinobungani bemvelo ezisetshenziswa embonini yezemithi, futhi ingilazi egaywe kabusha iyinto ebalulekile.Ukugxila kwamanje kusekusunguleni izinto zokupakisha eziqinile, ezihlala isikhathi eside, eziphephile neziqhubekayo.Emashumini eminyaka ezayo, amaphilisi, imijovo namabhodlela eminye imithi nemikhiqizo yemithi kungase kuqhubeke nokuthembela engilazini.